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Findings

CVE-2025-31201

Apple Multiple Products Arbitrary Read and Write Vulnerability

Published Apr 16, 2025 · corrected/updated Jun 17, 2026 · apple macos · evidence confidence very high

This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1, tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.

Grounded briefings

Catalog interpretations for three audiences. Each brief cites ingested metadata and the original advisories below. They are not independent research and they do not invent exploit steps.

Executive

CVE-2025-31201 is a critical public vulnerability record for apple macos. CISA lists it as known exploited. Published remediation guidance: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. This summary is a catalog interpretation of the ingested metadata and cites the original advisories below.

System administrator

Identify whether apple macos is in your estate, then compare installed versions with the affected ranges. Affected packages or ranges on record: apple/ipados; apple/iphone os; apple/macos; apple/tvos. Published remediation guidance: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Prefer the vendor or distribution advisory linked in Sources before changing production systems. This is a catalog interpretation, not a runbook.

Security analyst

Signals on file: CVSS 9.8, EPSS 14.0%. CISA lists it as known exploited. Weakness classes: CWE-1220. Sources contributing to this record: cisa_kev, cve_org, epss, nvd. Public exploit references, when present, are outbound links only and are not proof of active exploitation. This is a catalog interpretation of stored metadata.

Exploitation and remediation

  • Exploitation evidence

    Confirmed in CISA KEV since Apr 17, 2025. Listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

  • Patch and remediation

    Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. CISA due date May 8, 2025.

  • Safe detection guidance

    Compare installed versions with the affected ranges below and verify the advisory from the original publisher. This site stores metadata and outbound links only; it does not ship exploit code or proof-of-concept payloads.

Code

The project this record applies to. Exploit listings stay in References.

No public source repository is identified for this product.

Timeline

Detection, updates, and resolution for this record.

  1. Apr 16, 2025 · Catalog

    Detected

    This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1, tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individua

  2. Apr 17, 2025 · CISA KEV

    Known exploited

    Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

  3. May 8, 2025 · CISA KEV

    Remediation due

    Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

  4. Jun 17, 2026 · Catalog

    Updated

    This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1, tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individua

Affected

  • cpe apple/ipadosversion unspecified
  • cpe apple/iphone osversion unspecified
  • cpe apple/macosversion unspecified
  • cpe apple/tvosversion unspecified
  • cpe apple/visionosversion unspecified
  • vendor Apple Multiple Productsversion unspecified

Sources

  • CISA KEVConfirmed exploitationCVE-2025-31201

    Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and other Apple products contain an arbitrary read and write vulnerability that allows an attacker to bypass Pointer Authentication.

    cisa.gov
  • CVE.orgVulnerability recordCVE-2025-31201

    Official CVE identifier

    cve.org
  • FIRST EPSSExploitation probabilityCVE-2025-31201

    30-day exploitation probability 14.0%

    first.org
  • NIST NVDVulnerability recordCVE-2025-31201

    This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1, tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a

    nvd.nist.gov

References