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Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability · CVE-2025-12044

Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads.

Published Oct 23, 2025 · catalog updated Oct 23, 2025 · Hashicorp Vault Enterprise

Last checked Oct 29, 2026. A connected source was read within the last 7 days.

Check if you run it

No confirmed exploitation is on record for CVE-2025-12044. EPSS is 0.53%. Act only if a listed version of Hashicorp Vault Enterprise is installed.

Gaps on this record

  • No vendor fix or required action is stored. Compare the linked advisory before you change production.

Same product and reporting

Severity
High7.5
Known exploitation
Not in CISA/VulnCheck KEV
EPSS
0.53%
Remediation
Version ranges on file
Affected products
vendor Hashicorp Vault Enterprise 1.20.3 <1.21.0

Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393] which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.

Are you affected?

Enter the version you run. The result uses only the ranges stored on this record.

The check returns affected, not affected, or incomplete. It does not guess a version that is missing from the record.

  • vendor Hashicorp Vault Enterprise 1.20.3 <1.21.01.20.3 <1.21.0

How to fix CVE-2025-12044

What to do

Three questions, each answered from this record only. Confirm the vendor advisory before you patch.

Should you patch?

No confirmed exploitation is on record for CVE-2025-12044. EPSS is 0.53%. Act only if a listed version of Hashicorp Vault Enterprise is installed.

Which versions are affected?

Compare what you have installed with Hashicorp Vault Enterprise 1.20.3 <1.21.0 1.20.3 <1.21.0. Compare the installed version with the linked vendor advisory before you change production.

What should an analyst verify?

No weakness class is stored. EPSS 0.53%. There is no CISA KEV listing. No Exploit-DB or Metasploit reference is linked. Use the source links for the original advisory.

Code

The project this record applies to. Exploit listings stay in References.

No public source repository is identified for this product.

Timeline

Detection, updates, and resolution for this record.

  1. Oct 23, 2025 · EUVD

    Detected

    Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393] which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-20

  2. Oct 23, 2025 · EUVD

    Updated

    Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393] which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-20

Sources

  • CVE.orgVulnerability recordCVE-2025-12044

    Official CVE identifier

    cve.org
  • FIRST EPSSExploitation probabilityCVE-2025-12044

    30-day exploitation probability 0.53%

    first.org
  • EUVDVulnerability recordEUVD-2025-35718

    Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex

    euvd.enisa.europa.eu

References

Freshness

Last verified in this catalog Oct 29, 2026. Significant claims (KEV, EPSS, CVSS, affected ranges) come from the source rows above — open the original publisher for the authoritative advisory.

  • FIRST EPSSOct 29, 2026
  • CVE.orgOct 26, 2026
  • EUVDOct 26, 2026