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Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability · CVE-2025-32433

Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability

Published Apr 16, 2025 · catalog updated Jun 17, 2026 · Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server

Patch now

CVE-2025-32433 is in the CISA known-exploited catalog, due Jun 30, 2025. Confirm Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server against the vendor advisory and apply that fix. The CVSS score does not change the priority.

Gaps on this record

  • The stored product name is a package slug. The name on this page is taken from the title (Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server).
Severity
Critical10.0
Known exploitation
CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV
EPSS
98.79%
Remediation
Remediation guidance
Affected products
cpe cisco/cloud native broadband network gateway · cpe cisco/confd basic · cpe cisco/ncs 2000 shelf virtualization orchestrator firmware · cpe cisco/network services orchestrator · cpe cisco/optical site manager · cpe erlang/erlang/otp

Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH server contains a missing authentication for critical function vulnerability. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials, potentially leading to unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in how SSH protocol messages are handled, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems. This vulnerability could affect various products that implement Erlang/OTP SSH server, including—but not limited to—Cisco, NetApp, and SUSE. VulnCheck canary evidence. Initial-access exploit intelligence.

Are you affected?

Enter the version you run. The result uses only the ranges stored on this record.

The check returns affected, not affected, or incomplete. It does not guess a version that is missing from the record.

  • cpe cisco/cloud native broadband network gatewayversion unspecified
  • cpe cisco/confd basicversion unspecified
  • cpe cisco/ncs 2000 shelf virtualization orchestrator firmwareversion unspecified
  • cpe cisco/network services orchestratorversion unspecified
  • cpe cisco/optical site managerversion unspecified
  • cpe erlang/erlang/otpversion unspecified
  • vendor Erlang Erlang/OTPversion unspecified
  • vendor erlang otp OTP-27.0-rc1, < OTP-27.3.3OTP-27.0-rc1, < OTP-27.3.3

How to fix CVE-2025-32433

What to do

Three questions, each answered from this record only. Confirm the vendor advisory before you patch.

Should you patch?

CVE-2025-32433 is in the CISA known-exploited catalog, due Jun 30, 2025. Confirm Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server against the vendor advisory and apply that fix. The CVSS score does not change the priority.

Which versions are affected?

Compare what you have installed with erlang otp OTP-27.0-rc1, < OTP-27.3.3 OTP-27.0-rc1, < OTP-27.3.3. Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

What should an analyst verify?

CWE-306: Missing Authentication for Critical Function. EPSS 98.79%. The CISA KEV listing is the exploitation evidence. A public exploit reference is linked in Sources. That is not the same as confirmed exploitation. Use the source links for the original advisory.

Technology hubs

Cisco security

Code

The project this record applies to. Exploit listings stay in References.

Timeline

Detection, updates, and resolution for this record.

  1. Apr 16, 2025 · Catalog

    Detected

    Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. Prior to versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20, a SSH server may allow an attacker to perform unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in SSH protocol message handling, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems and execute arbitrary commands without valid creden

  2. Jun 9, 2025 · CISA KEV

    Known exploited

    Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

  3. Jun 30, 2025 · CISA KEV

    Remediation due

    Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

  4. Jun 17, 2026 · Catalog

    Updated

    Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. Prior to versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20, a SSH server may allow an attacker to perform unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in SSH protocol message handling, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems and execute arbitrary commands without valid creden

Sources

  • CISA KEVConfirmed exploitationCVE-2025-32433

    Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH server contains a missing authentication for critical function vulnerability. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials, potentially leading to unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in how SSH protocol messages are handled, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems. This vulnerab

    cisa.gov
  • CVE.orgVulnerability recordCVE-2025-32433

    Official CVE identifier

    cve.org
  • FIRST EPSSExploitation probabilityCVE-2025-32433

    30-day exploitation probability 98.8%

    first.org
  • EUVDVulnerability recordEUVD-2025-11793

    Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. Prior to versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20, a SSH server may allow an attacker to perform unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in SSH protocol message handling,

    euvd.enisa.europa.eu
  • Metasploit ModulesPublic exploit moduleexploit_linux/ssh/ssh_erlangotp_rce

    Public module reference (excellent). Module source is not copied into this catalog.

    rapid7.com
  • NIST NVDVulnerability recordCVE-2025-32433

    Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. Prior to versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20, a SSH server may allow an attacker to perform unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in SSH protocol message handling,

    nvd.nist.gov
  • VulnCheck KEVConfirmed exploitationCVE-2025-32433

    Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH server contains a missing authentication for critical function vulnerability. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials, potentially leading to unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in ho

    vulncheck.com

References

Freshness

Last verified in this catalog Oct 18, 2026. Significant claims (KEV, EPSS, CVSS, affected ranges) come from the source rows above — open the original publisher for the authoritative advisory.