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Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability · CVE-2025-32441

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface.

Published May 7, 2025 · catalog updated May 8, 2025 · Rack is a modular

Check if you run it

No confirmed exploitation is on record for CVE-2025-32441. EPSS is 0.24%. Act only if a listed version of Rack is a modular is installed.

Gaps on this record

  • The stored product name is a package slug. The name on this page is taken from the title (Rack is a modular).
  • No vendor fix or required action is stored. Compare the linked advisory before you change production.
Severity
Medium4.2
Known exploitation
Not in CISA/VulnCheck KEV
EPSS
0.24%
Remediation
Version ranges on file
Affected products
vendor rack rack < 2.2.14

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to version 2.2.14, when using the middleware, simultaneous rack requests can restore a deleted rack session, which allows the unauthenticated user to occupy that session. Rack session middleware prepares the session at the beginning of request, then saves is back to the store with possible changes applied by host rack application. This way the session becomes to be a subject of race conditions in general sense over concurrent rack requests. When using the middleware, and provided the attacker can acquire a session cookie (already a major issue

Are you affected?

Enter the version you run. The result uses only the ranges stored on this record.

The check returns affected, not affected, or incomplete. It does not guess a version that is missing from the record.

  • vendor rack rack < 2.2.14< 2.2.14

How to fix CVE-2025-32441

What to do

Three questions, each answered from this record only. Confirm the vendor advisory before you patch.

Should you patch?

No confirmed exploitation is on record for CVE-2025-32441. EPSS is 0.24%. Act only if a listed version of Rack is a modular is installed.

Which versions are affected?

Compare what you have installed with rack rack < 2.2.14 < 2.2.14. Compare the installed version with the linked vendor advisory before you change production.

What should an analyst verify?

No weakness class is stored. EPSS 0.24%. There is no CISA KEV listing. No Exploit-DB or Metasploit reference is linked. Use the source links for the original advisory.

Code

The project this record applies to. Exploit listings stay in References.

Timeline

Detection, updates, and resolution for this record.

  1. May 7, 2025 · EUVD

    Detected

    Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to version 2.2.14, when using the middleware, simultaneous rack requests can restore a deleted rack session, which allows the unauthenticated user to occupy that session. Rack session middleware prepares the session at the beginning of request, then saves is back to the store with possible changes applied by host rack application. This way the ses

  2. May 8, 2025 · EUVD

    Updated

    Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to version 2.2.14, when using the middleware, simultaneous rack requests can restore a deleted rack session, which allows the unauthenticated user to occupy that session. Rack session middleware prepares the session at the beginning of request, then saves is back to the store with possible changes applied by host rack application. This way the ses

Sources

  • CVE.orgVulnerability recordCVE-2025-32441

    Official CVE identifier

    cve.org
  • FIRST EPSSExploitation probabilityCVE-2025-32441

    30-day exploitation probability 0.2%

    first.org
  • EUVDVulnerability recordEUVD-2025-13949

    Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to version 2.2.14, when using the middleware, simultaneous rack requests can restore a deleted rack session, which allows the unauthenticated user to occupy that session. Rack session middleware prepares the session at the beginn

    euvd.enisa.europa.eu

References

Freshness

Last verified in this catalog Oct 18, 2026. Significant claims (KEV, EPSS, CVSS, affected ranges) come from the source rows above — open the original publisher for the authoritative advisory.