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Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability · CVE-2025-44005

An attacker can bypass authorization checks and force a Step CA ACME or SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks.

Published Dec 17, 2025 · catalog updated Dec 17, 2025 · Step-CA

Last checked Nov 2, 2026. A connected source was read within the last 7 days.

Check if you run it

No confirmed exploitation is on record for CVE-2025-44005. EPSS is 9.09%. Act only if a listed version of Step-CA is installed.

Gaps on this record

  • No vendor fix or required action is stored. Compare the linked advisory before you change production.
Severity
Critical10.0
Known exploitation
Not in CISA/VulnCheck KEV
EPSS
9.09%
Remediation
Advisory link
Affected products
vendor smallstep Step-CA v0.28.3

An attacker can bypass authorization checks and force a Step CA ACME or SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks.

Are you affected?

Enter the version you run. The result uses only the ranges stored on this record.

The check returns affected, not affected, or incomplete. It does not guess a version that is missing from the record.

  • vendor smallstep Step-CA v0.28.3v0.28.3

How to fix CVE-2025-44005

What to do

Three questions, each answered from this record only. Confirm the vendor advisory before you patch.

Should you patch?

No confirmed exploitation is on record for CVE-2025-44005. EPSS is 9.09%. Act only if a listed version of Step-CA is installed.

Which versions are affected?

Compare what you have installed with smallstep Step-CA v0.28.3 v0.28.3. Compare the installed version with the linked vendor advisory before you change production.

What should an analyst verify?

No weakness class is stored. EPSS 9.09%. There is no CISA KEV listing. No Exploit-DB or Metasploit reference is linked. Use the source links for the original advisory.

Code

The project this record applies to. Exploit listings stay in References.

Timeline

Detection, updates, and resolution for this record.

  1. Dec 17, 2025 · EUVD

    Detected

    An attacker can bypass authorization checks and force a Step CA ACME or SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks.

  2. Dec 17, 2025 · EUVD

    Updated

    An attacker can bypass authorization checks and force a Step CA ACME or SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks.

Sources

  • CVE.orgVulnerability recordCVE-2025-44005

    Official CVE identifier

    cve.org
  • FIRST EPSSExploitation probabilityCVE-2025-44005

    30-day exploitation probability 9.09%

    first.org
  • EUVDVulnerability recordEUVD-2025-201012

    An attacker can bypass authorization checks and force a Step CA ACME or SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks.

    euvd.enisa.europa.eu

References

Freshness

Last verified in this catalog Nov 2, 2026. Significant claims (KEV, EPSS, CVSS, affected ranges) come from the source rows above — open the original publisher for the authoritative advisory.

  • FIRST EPSSNov 2, 2026
  • CVE.orgNov 2, 2026
  • EUVDNov 1, 2026